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Describes rare forms of diabetes that result from mutations in a single gene. Discusses diagnosis, genetic testing, and counseling.

Learn what the A1C test is, how it works and is used to diagnose and monitor type 2 diabetes and prediabetes, when it doesn’t work, and how A1C relates to eAG.

Overview of IgA nephropathy, also known as Berger’s disease, an autoimmune disease that can damage your kidneys.

Overview of diverticular disease, which occurs when diverticula lead to chronic symptoms, diverticular bleeding, or diverticulitis or related complications.

Learn about the causes, symptoms, and diagnosis of kidney stones as well as prevention strategies and treatment options.

Overview of peptic (stomach) ulcers, including the causes, link to NSAID pain medicines, symptoms, treatments, and foods to avoid.

Describes how abdominal adhesions form. Explains their causes and how they can lead to intestinal obstruction.

A fact sheet that defines screening and diagnostic mammograms; discusses the benefits and potential harms of screening mammography; and summarizes how findings, including breast density, are reported.

A fact sheet that defines tumor markers and describes how they can be used to aid diagnosis and treatment.

Christina Nelson, MD1, Sally Hojvat, PhD2, Barbara Johnson, PhD1, Jeannine Petersen, PhD1, Marty Schriefer, PhD1, C. Ben Beard, PhD1, Lyle Petersen, MD1, Paul Mead, MD1 (Author affiliations at end of text).