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Childhood central nervous system (CNS) germ cell tumors form from germ cells (a type of cell that forms as a fetus develops and later becomes sperm in the testicles or eggs in the ovaries). Learn about the signs, tests to diagnose, and treatment of pediatric germ cell tumors in the brain in this expert-reviewed summary.

Treatment for children with central nervous system germ cell tumors (GCT) depend upon the specific tumor type. Options include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, surgery (in various combinations) and stem cell rescue. Get detailed information about GCTs in this clinician summary.

Central nervous system atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) treatment in children includes surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. A standard treatment has not been determined. Get detailed information for newly diagnosed and recurrent childhood AT/RT in this summary for clinicians.

Childhood central nervous system atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor treatment may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and high-dose chemotherapy with stem cell rescue. Learn more about newly diagnosed and recurrent childhood AT/RT in this expert-reviewed summary.

Childhood central nervous system embryonal tumors and pineal tumors are treated with surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, high-dose chemotherapy with stem cell rescue and targeted therapy. Learn more in this expert-reviewed summary.

Treatment options for children with central nervous system embryonal tumors include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, stem cell rescue, and targeted therapy. Get detailed treatment information for untreated and recurrent CNS embryonal tumors in this clinician summary.

The efficacy and safety of contraceptives have been questioned for decades; however, whether a relationship exists between hormonal contraceptives and gestational diabetes (GDM) is undetermined. The aim of this study was to investigate whether maternal risk for GDM was influenced by type of contraceptive method used before pregnancy.

The true prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is unknown. The objective of this study was 1) to provide the most current GDM prevalence reported on the birth certificate and the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) questionnaire and 2) to compare GDM prevalence from PRAMS across 2007–2008 and 2009–2010.

Cheryl L. Robbins, PhD.

Healthy People 2020 calls for increased monitoring of local health and health disparities, but successful models of designing and implementing data collection systems for this purpose are lacking.