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Find out what data sharing related costs may be requested in an application for funding.

One of the fundamental variables in preclinical biomedical research is sex: whether a cell, tissue, or animal is female or male. Biological sex is an important consideration for this research that underlies drug development, clinical trials, and prevention approaches.

The frosty air of winter can be invigorating. But cold air can also pose threats to your health, whether you’re indoors or outside. If your body temperature drops too low, it can lead to a serious, sometimes deadly condition known as hypothermia. Learn to recognize the signs of this condition, and take steps to keep yourself and your family warm and safe during this chilly season.

NIH expects that sex as a biological variable will be factored into research designs, analyses, and reporting in vertebrate animal and human studies. Strong justification from the scientific literature, preliminary data, or other relevant considerations must be provided for applications proposing to study only one sex.

Common food additives called emulsifiers promoted colitis and metabolic syndrome in mice by altering gut microbes.

NOMID, or neonatal-onset multisystem inflammatory disease, is a rare disease that is often fatal. This video tells the story of Kayla Martínez, who was diagnosed with NOMID as a baby. It also tells the story of a treatment for NOMID that was discovered by Dr. Raphaela Goldbach-Mansky at the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases at the National Institutes of Health.